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On the Broadening of Spectral Lines
Albert A. Michelson
A.A. Michelson. On the broadening of spectral lines, 1895
Albert Abraham Michelson (1852 – 1931) was a Poland-born (at this time occupied militarily by Prussia) Polish-American physicist of Jewish religion, known for his work on measuring the speed of light and especially for the Michelson–Morley experiment. In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first American to win the Nobel Prize in a science. He was the founder and the first head of the physics departments of Case School of Applied Science (now Case Western Reserve University) and the University of Chicago.
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New Proofs of the Kinetic Theory of Matter and the Atomic Theory of Electricity
Robert Millican
R. Millikan. New Proofs of the Kinetic Theory of Matter and the Atomic Theory of Electricity, 1912
Robert Andrews Millikan (1868-1953) was an American experimental physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1923 for the measurement of the elementary electric charge and for his work on the photoelectric effect.
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Pawlow's Theory of the Function of the Central Nervous System and a Digest of Some of the More Recent Contributions to This Subject From Pawlow's Laboratory
S. Mogulis
S. Mogulis. Pawlow's Theory of the Function of the Central Nervous System and a Digest of Some of the More Recent Contributions to This Subject From Pawlow's Laboratory, 1914
With an author’s inscription to Professor Jacques Loeb
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Fluorine
Henry Moissan
H. Moissan. Fluorine, 1898
Ferdinand Frédéric Henri Moissan (1852 –1907) was a French chemist and pharmacist who won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in isolating fluorine from its compounds.] Moissan was one of the original members of the International Atomic Weights Committee.
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Further Studies on the Action of Salt-Solutions
T. H. Morgan
Morgan, T.H. Further studies on the action of salt-solutions and of other agents on the eggs of Arbacia, 1900
Thomas Hunt Morgan (1866-1945) was an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist, embryologist, and science author who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries elucidating the role that the chromosome plays in heredity.
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The Action of Salt-Solutions on the Unfertilized and Fertilized Eggs of Arbacia
T. H. Morgan
Morgan, T.H. The action of salt-solutions on the unfertilized and fertilized eggs of Arbacia, and of other animals, 1899
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The History of Modern Physics in its Bearing Upon Biology and Medicine
Filmer Northrop
F.S.C. Northrop. The History of Modern Physics in its Bearing Upon Biology and Medicine, 1938
Filmer Stuart Cuckow Northrop (1893 - 1992) was an American legal philosopher and influential comparative philosopher.
After receiving a B.A. from Beloit College in 1915, and an MA from Yale University in 1919, he went on to Harvard University where he earned another MA in 1922 and a Ph.D. in 1924.[1] At Harvard, Northrop studied under Alfred North Whitehead. He was appointed to the Yale faculty in 1923 as an instructor in Philosophy, and later was named professor in 1932. In 1947 he was appointed Sterling Professor of Philosophy and Law. He chaired the Philosophy department from 1938 to 1940 and was the first Master of Silliman College, from 1940 to 1947.
He was the author of twelve books and innumerable articles on all major branches of philosophy. His most influential work, The Meeting of East and West, was published in 1946 at the aftermath of World War II. Its central thesis is that East and West both must learn something from each other to avoid future conflict and to flourish together. His jurisprudential work primarily concerned sociological jurisprudence.
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Chemical Kinetcs and Natural Products
W. Albert Noyers, Jr.
W. Albert Noyers, Jr. Chemical kinetics and natural products, 1941
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The Vegetable Proteins
Thomas B. Osborne
Osborne, T. The vegetable proteins, 1919
Thomas Burr Osborne (1859 – 1929) was a biochemist who, with Lafayette Mendel, independently discovered Vitamin A,[1] though Elmer McCollum and Marguerite Davis were ultimately given credit, as they had submitted their paper first by three weeks. He is known for his work isolating and characterizing seed proteins, and for determining protein nutritional requirements. His career was spent at the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station.
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The Historical Development of General Chemistry
Wilhelm Ostwald
Ostwald, W. The historical development of general chemistry, 1906
Wilhelm Ostwald, (1853—1932), Russian-German chemist and philosopher who was instrumental in establishing physical chemistry as an acknowledged branch of chemistry. He was awarded the 1909 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work on catalysis, chemical equilibria, and chemical reaction velocities.
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The Religious and Philophical Aspects of van Helmont's Science and Medicine
Walter Pagel
Pagel, W. The religious and philosophical aspects of van Helmont's science and medicine, 1944
Walter Traugott Ulrich Pagel[1] (1898 – 1983) was a German pathologist and medical historian.
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On the Theory of Elementary Particles
A. Pais
Pais, A. On the theory of elementary particles, 1947
Abraham Pais (1918-2000), a Dutch-born American theoretical physicist and science historian, was one of the first founders of particle physics. He was Detlev W. Bronk Professor Emeritus at The Rockefeller University. Known for his work with the forces that control particle interaction, including the development of the principle of associated production, Pais was also a noted historian of science. In the latter part of his career Pais became known for his histories of physics, most notably "Inward Bound: Of Matter and Forces in the Physical World," and his biographies of Albert Einstein, "Subtle is the Lord," and Niels Bohr, "Niels Bohr's Times.
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Jean Beguin and His Tyrocinium Chymicum
T. S. Patterson
Patterson, T.S. Jean Beguin and his Tyrocinium Chymicum, 1937
Tyrocinium Chymicum was a published set of chemistry lecture notes started by Jean Beguin in 1610 in Paris, France. It has been cited as the first chemistry textbook. Many of the preparations were pharmaceutical in nature. Prof. T. S. Patterson, in a paper on “Jean Beguin and his Tyrocinium Chymicum”, published in Annals of Science (2, 243-298 ; 1937), has given a very full account of the various editions of the book and a description of its contents.
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Die Besondere Labilität der Inneren Hemmung Bedingter Reflexe
Ivan P. Pawlow
Ivan P. Pawlow. Die besondere Labilität der inneren Hemmung bedingter Reflexe, 1914
First Edition. Author's offprint.
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Ein Neues Laboratorium zur Erforschung der Bedingten Reflexe
Ivan P. Pawlow
I. P. Pawlow. Ein neues Laboratorium zur Erforschung der bedingten Reflexe, 1911
First Edition Offprint Issue
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849-1936), was a Russian and Soviet experimental neurologist, psychologist and physiologist known for his discovery of classical conditioning through his experiments with dogs.
Pavlov was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1904 for his studies of the physiology of digestion, which revealed the part that the nervous system plays in controlling digestive secretions. In conducting his physiological researches, Pavlov introduced the method of long-term or continuous experimentation, which—in contrast with traditional vivisectional methods—allowed him to study the operation of physiological processes in healthy animals under normal conditions over extended periods of time. His investigations of the nervous system’s role in digestion led him to explore the phenomenon of “psychic” stimulation; i.e., salivary secretion prompted by the sight or smell of food rather than by direct contact. In Pavlov’s hands this became a powerful tool for investigating the functions of the cerebral cortex and the physiology of behavior. The most famous outcome of his researches is, of course, the artificial conditioned reflex, in which physiological processes such as salivation are arbitrarily associated with stimuli such as the ringing of a bell.
Pavlov presented this offprint, discussing a new laboratory for studying conditioned reflexes, to the British physiologist Ernest Henry Starling, co-discoverer (with Bayliss) of pancreatic secretin and co-developer (again with Bayliss) of the theory of hormonal control of internal secretion. Pavlov had been a strong advocate of the “nervist” doctrine of physiology, which held that the nervous system controlled most body activities; however, Starling and Bayliss’s discovery of secretin, which confirmed the humoral (rather than nervous) transmission of impulses from the intestine to the pancreas, forced Pavlov to rework his theories of digestion (see Babkin, Pavlov, pp. 228-230). ----- Magill, The Nobel Prize Winners: Physiology or Medicine, pp. 61-68.
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Über die Ein und Demselben Eiweißfermente Zukommende Proteolytische und Milchkoagulierende Wirkung Verschiedener Verdauungssäfte
Ivan P. Pawlow and S. W. Parastschuk
Ivan P. Pawlow and S.W. Parastschuk. Über die ein und demselben Eiweißfermente zukommende proteolytische und milchkoagulierende Wirkung verschiedener Verdauungssäfte, 1904
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