Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2007
Keywords
animal tissue, virus RNA, Macaca mulatta, Simian immunodeficiency virus, virus replication
Abstract
The development of needle-free vaccines is one of the recently defined "grand challenges in global health" (H. Varmus, R. Klausner, R. Klausner, R. Zerhouni, T. Acharya, A. S. Daar, and P. A. Singer, Science 302:398-399, 2003). To explore whether a natural pathway to the inductive site of the mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue could be exploited for atraumatic immunization purposes, replication-deficient viral vector vaccines were sprayed directly onto the tonsils of rhesus macaques. Tonsillar immunization with viral vector vaccines encoding simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) antigens induced cellular and humoral immune responses. Viral RNA levels after a stringent SIV challenge were reduced, providing a level of protection similar to that observed after systemic immunization with the same vaccines. Thus, atraumatic oral spray immunization with replication-deficient vectors can overcome the epithelial barrier, deliver the vaccine antigen to the mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue, and avoid induction of tolerance, providing a novel approach to circumvent acceptability problems of syringe and needle vaccines for children and in developing countries.
Recommended Citation
Stahl-Hennig, C., S. Kuate, M. Franz, Y. S. Suh, H. Stoiber, U. Sauermann, K. Tenner-Racz, et al. 2007. "Atraumatic Oral Spray Immunization with Replication-Deficient Viral Vector Vaccines." Journal of Virology 81 (23): 13180-13190
Comments
Open Access